Ukufaka Nokugcina Isistimu Kagesi Yomoya Encane

Umkhiqizi wesistimu yakho yomoya, noma umdayisi lapho othenge khona, kufanele akwazi ukukusiza ukuthi ufake isistimu yakho kagesi womoya omncane.Ungakwazi ukufaka isistimu ngokwakho - kodwa ngaphambi kokuzama iphrojekthi, zibuze imibuzo elandelayo:

• Ngingakwazi ukuthela isisekelo sikasimende esifanele?
• Ingabe ngiyakwazi ukufinyelela ilifti noma indlela yokumisa umbhoshongo ngokuphephile?
• Ngiyawazi umehluko phakathi kwezintambo zamanje (AC) neziqondile zamanje (DC)?
• Ingabe ngazi okwanele ngogesi ukuze ngifake izintambo ngokuphephile i-turbine yami?
• Ingabe ngiyakwazi ukuphatha nokufaka amabhethri ngokuphephile?

Uma uphendule ngokuthi cha kunoma yimuphi kule mibuzo engenhla, kufanele ukhethe ukuthi isistimu yakho ifakwe umdidiyeli wesistimu noma isifaki.Xhumana nomkhiqizi ukuze uthole usizo, noma thintana nehhovisi lesifunda sakho samandla kanye nezinsiza zasendaweni ukuze uthole uhlu lwabafaki bohlelo basendaweni.Ungaphinda uhlole amakhasi aphuzi ukuze uthole abahlinzeki besevisi besistimu yamandla omoya.

Isifaki esithembekile singahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezengeziwe ezifana nezimvume.Thola ukuthi ingabe isifaki singumuntu osebenza ngogesi onelayisensi, bese ucela izinkomba bese uzihlola.Ungase futhi ufune ukuhlola ne-Better Business Bureau.

Ngokufakwa nokugcinwa okufanele, isistimu kagesi womoya omncane kufanele ihlale iminyaka engama-20 noma ngaphezulu.Ukunakekela konyaka kungabandakanya:

• Ukuhlola nokuqinisa amabhawodi kanye noxhumo lukagesi njengoba kudingeka
• Imishini yokuhlola ukugqwala kanye nezintambo zomfana ukuthi azinawo yini amandla
• Ihlola futhi ishintshe noma iyiphi itheyiphu esemaphethelweni agugile kumablade e-turbine, uma kufanele
• Ukushintsha ama-turbine blades kanye/noma ama-bearings ngemva kweminyaka eyi-10 uma kudingeka.

Uma ungenabo ubungcweti bokunakekela isistimu, isifaki sakho singase sikunikeze isevisi nohlelo lokulungisa.

Umkhiqizi wesistimu yakho noma umdayisi angakusiza futhi ngokuthola indawo engcono kakhulu yesistimu yakho yomoya.Okunye okucatshangelwayo okujwayelekile kuhlanganisa:

• Ukucatshangelwa Kwezinsiza Zomoya- Uma uhlala endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi, qaphela lapho ukhetha indawo yokufaka.Uma ubeka i-turbine yakho yomoya phezulu noma ohlangothini olunomoya lwegquma, isibonelo, uzoba nokufinyelela okwengeziwe emimoyeni ekhona kunasemgodini noma ohlangothini lwe-leeward (oluvikelekile) lwegquma endaweni efanayo.Ungaba nezinsiza zomoya ezahlukahlukene endaweni efanayo.Ngaphezu kokulinganisa noma ukuthola ngesivinini somoya saminyaka yonke, udinga ukwazi ngezikhombisi-ndlela ezikhona zomoya endaweni yakho.Ngaphezu kokwakheka kwe-geological, udinga ukubheka izithiyo ezikhona, njengezihlahla, izindlu, namashede.Udinga futhi ukuhlela izithiyo zesikhathi esizayo, njengezakhiwo ezintsha noma izihlahla ezingakafinyeleli ekuphakameni kwazo okugcwele.I-turbine yakho idinga ukubekwa phezulu kunoma yiziphi izakhiwo nezihlahla, futhi idinga ukuba ngamafidi angama-30 ngaphezu kwanoma yini phakathi kwamafithi angu-300.
• Ukucatshangelwa Kwesistimu- Qiniseka ukuthi ushiya indawo eyanele yokukhulisa nokwehlisa umbhoshongo ukuze ulungiswe.Uma umbhoshongo wakho uboshwe, kufanele uvumele indawo yezintambo zensizwa.Ukuthi isistimu izimele yodwa noma ixhumeke kugridi, uzodinga futhi ukuthatha ubude bentambo egijima phakathi kwe-turbine nomthwalo (indlu, amabhethri, amaphampu amanzi, njll.) ucabangele.Inani elikhulu likagesi lingalahleka ngenxa yokumelana nezintambo—uma izintambo zihamba isikhathi eside, ugesi ulahleka kakhulu.Ukusebenzisa intambo enkulu noma enkulu kuzonyusa izindleko zakho zokuyifaka.Ukulahlekelwa kwezintambo zakho kuba kukhulu uma une-direct current (DC) esikhundleni se-alternating current (AC).Uma unocingo olude, kuyancomeka ukuthi uguqule i-DC ibe yi-AC.

Izinjini zomoya ezincane ezisetshenziswa ezindaweni zokuhlala ngokuvamile ziba ngosayizi ukusuka kuma-watts angu-400 ukuya kuma-kilowatts angu-20, kuye ngenani likagesi ofuna ukulikhiqiza.

Ikhaya elijwayelekile lisebenzisa cishe amahora angama-10,932 kilowatt kagesi ngonyaka (cishe amahora angama-911 kilowatt ngenyanga).Ngokuya ngesivinini esijwayelekile somoya endaweni, i-turbine yomoya elinganiselwa ku-5-15 kilowatts izodingeka ukuze yenze umnikelo obalulekile kulesi sidingo.I-turbine yomoya engu-1.5-kilowatt izohlangabezana nezidingo zekhaya elidinga amahora angama-kilowatt angu-300 ngenyanga endaweni enesivinini sonyaka esingamamayela angu-14 ngehora (amamitha angu-6.26 ngesekhondi).

Ukukusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi iyiphi i-turbine kasayizi ozoyidinga, qala ngokusungula ibhajethi yamandla.Ngenxa yokuthi ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ngokuvamile kubiza kancane kunokukhiqiza amandla, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukagesi ekhaya lakho cishe kuzobiza kakhulu futhi kuzonciphisa ubukhulu benjini yomoya oyidingayo.

Ukuphakama kombhoshongo wenjini yomoya nakho kunomthelela ekutheni ungakanani ugesi ozophehlwa yi-turbine.Umkhiqizi kufanele akusize unqume ukuphakama kombhoshongo ozodinga.

Isilinganiso sonyaka wokukhishwa kwamandla ophuma ku-turbine yomoya (ngamahora angama-kilowatt ngonyaka) kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokunquma ukuthi yona kanye nombhoshongo kuzokhiqiza ugesi owanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho.

Umkhiqizi wenjini yomoya angakusiza ukulinganisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ongayilindela.Umkhiqizi uzosebenzisa isibalo esisuselwe kulezi zici:

• Ijika lamandla enjini yomoya ekhethekile
• Isivinini somoya esimaphakathi sonyaka kusayithi lakho
• Ubude bombhoshongo ohlela ukuwusebenzisa
• Ukusatshalaliswa kwemvamisa yomoya - isilinganiso senani lamahora umoya ozowavunguza ngesivinini ngasinye phakathi nonyaka.

Umkhiqizi kufanele futhi alungise lesi sibalo sokuphakama kwesayithi lakho.

Ukuze uthole isilinganiso sokuqala sokusebenza kwenjini ethile yomoya, ungasebenzisa le fomula elandelayo:

AEO= 0.01328 D²V³

Kuphi:

• I-AEO = Ukukhishwa kwamandla onyaka (i-kilowatt-amahora/ngonyaka)
• D = Ububanzi be-Rotor, izinyawo
• V = Isivinini somoya esimaphakathi sonyaka, amamayela ngehora (mph), esizeni sakho

Qaphela: umehluko phakathi kwamandla namandla ukuthi amandla (kilowatts) izinga ugesi osetshenziswa ngalo, kuyilapho amandla (kilowatt-amahora) inani elisetshenziswayo.

Izinhlelo ezincane zamandla omoya zingaxhunywa ohlelweni lokusabalalisa ugesi.Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi amasistimu axhunywe kugridi.I-wind turbine exhunywe kugridi inganciphisa ukusebenzisa kwakho ugesi ohlinzekwa ngosizo lokukhanyisa, izinto zikagesi, nokushisa kukagesi.Uma i-turbine ingakwazi ukuletha inani lamandla owadingayo, insiza yenza umehluko.Uma uhlelo lomoya lukhiqiza ugesi omningi kunalowo odingwa wumuzi wakho, ugesi oweqile uyathunyelwa noma udayiselwe insizakalo.

Ngalolu hlobo lokuxhumeka kwegridi, i-wind turbine yakho izosebenza kuphela uma igridi yokusetshenziswa itholakala.Ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kukagesi, i-wind turbine iyadingeka ukuthi ivalwe ngenxa yezinkinga zokuphepha.

Amasistimu axhunywe kwigridi angakwazi ukusebenza uma lezi zimo ezilandelayo zikhona:

• Uhlala endaweni enesilinganiso sonyaka sesivinini somoya okungenani esingamamayela ayi-10 ngehora (amamitha angu-4.5 ngomzuzwana).
• Ugesi ohlinzekwa ngezinsiza uyabiza endaweni yangakini (cishe amasenti angu-10–15 nge-kilowatt-hora).
• Izidingo zensiza zokuxhuma isistimu yakho kugridi yayo azimbi eqolo.

Kunezisusa ezinhle zokudayiswa kukagesi oweqile noma ukuthengwa kwezinjini zomoya.Imithetho kahulumeni (ikakhulukazi, uMthetho Wezinqubomgomo Zokusetshenziswa Komphakathi ka-1978, noma i-PURPA) idinga izinsiza ukuthi zixhume futhi zithenge amandla kumasistimu amancane wamandla omoya.Nokho, kufanele uxhumane nensizakalo yakho ngaphambi kokuxhuma emigqeni yayo yokusabalalisa ukuze ubhekane nanoma iyiphi ikhwalithi yamandla nokukhathazeka kokuphepha.

Umsebenzi wakho ungakunikeza uhlu lwezidingo zokuxhuma isistimu yakho kugridi.Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bhekaizinhlelo zamandla zasekhaya ezixhunywe kugridi.

Amandla omoya angasetshenziswa kumasistimu angaphandle kwegridi, abuye abizwe ngokuthi amasistimu azimele yedwa, angaxhunywanga ohlelweni lokusabalalisa ugesi noma igridi.Kulezi zicelo, amasistimu kagesi omoya amancane angasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nezinye izingxenye - kufaka phakathi auhlelo oluncane lukagesi welanga- ukudala izinhlelo zamandla ezixubile.Amasistimu wamandla ahlanganisiwe anganikeza amandla athembekile angaphandle kwegridi ezindlini, amapulazi, noma ngisho nemiphakathi yonke (iphrojekthi yezindlu ezihlangene, isibonelo) ekude nemigqa yezinsiza eziseduze.

I-off-grid, i-hybrid electric system ingase isebenze kuwe uma izinto ezingezansi zichaza isimo sakho:

• Uhlala endaweni enesilinganiso sonyaka sesivinini somoya okungenani esingamamayela angu-9 ngehora (amamitha angu-4.0 ngomzuzwana).
• Uxhumo lwegridi alutholakali noma lungenziwa kuphela ngesandiso esibizayo.Izindleko zokusebenzisa ulayini wamandla kusayithi elikude ukuze uxhumane negridi yensiza zingase zibenqabela, zisuka ku-$15,000 ziye ezingaphezu kuka-$50,000 ngemayela, kuye ngendawo.
• Ungathanda ukuthola ukuzimela kwamandla kusuka kuhlelo lokusebenza.
• Ungathanda ukukhiqiza amandla ahlanzekile.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, bheka ukusebenzisa isistimu yakho ngaphandle kwegridi.