I-Wind Turbine Generator-Isixazululo Esisha Samandla Amandla Amahhala

Yini Amandla Omoya?

Abantu sebesebenzise amandla omoya izinkulungwane zeminyaka.Umoya usugudluze izikebhe ngasemfuleni iNayile, wampompa amanzi nokusanhlamvu okugayiwe, wasekela ukukhiqizwa kokudla nokunye okuningi.Namuhla, amandla e-kinetic namandla okugeleza komoya wemvelo okubizwa ngokuthi umoya asetshenziswa ngezinga elikhulu ukudala ugesi.Injini yomoya yasolwandle eyodwa, yesimanjemanje ingakhiqiza amandla angaphezu kuka-8 megawatts (MW), anele ukuphehla amandla cishe amakhaya ayisithupha unyaka wonke.Amapulazi omoya asogwini akhiqiza amakhulukhulu ama-megawatt, okwenza amandla omoya abe omunye wemithombo yamandla engabizi kakhulu, ehlanzekile futhi etholakala kalula emhlabeni.

Amandla omoya angumthombo wamandla avuselelekayo anezindleko eziphansi kakhulu futhi angumthombo omkhulu wamandla avuselelekayo e-US namuhla.Cishe kunama-turbines omoya angu-60,000 amandla ahlanganisiwe angu-105,583 megawatts (MW).Lokho kwanele ukunika amandla amakhaya angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-32!

Ngaphezu kokudlala indima ebalulekile ekunikezeni kwethu amandla, izixazululo zamandla omoya zisiza futhi izinkampani zezentengiselwano ukuthi zihlangabezane nezinhloso ezivuselelekayo kanye neziyalezo zamandla athembekile, ahlanzekile.

Izinzuzo zamandla omoya:

1. Izinjini zomoya ngokuvamile zikhokha ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni yempilo yonke ehambisana nokusetshenziswa kwazo esikhathini esingaphansi konyaka, ngaphambi kokuhlinzeka iminyaka efika kwengama-30 yokukhiqiza ugesi ongenayo i-carbon.
2. Amandla omoya asiza ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide - ngo-2018, agweme amathani we-metric ayizigidi ezingu-201 we-C02 emissions.
3. Amandla omoya ahlinzeka ngemali yentela emiphakathini ebamba amaphrojekthi.Isibonelo, izinkokhelo zentela yesifunda neyendawo ezivela kumaphrojekthi womoya e-Texas zenza isamba esingu-$237 million.
4. Imboni yomoya iyakweseka ukwakhiwa kwamathuba emisebenzi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokwakha.Imboni isekele imisebenzi eyi-114,000 kulo lonke elase-US ngo-2018.
5. Amandla omoya ahlinzeka ngomthombo ozinzile, owengeziwe wemali engenayo: Amaphrojekthi omoya akhokha ngaphezu kwesigidigidi esingu-$1 kohulumeni basekhaya nabasekhaya nakubanini bomhlaba abazimele unyaka ngamunye.

Ibukeka Kanjani Iphrojekthi Yamandla Omoya?

Iphrojekthi yomoya noma ipulazi libhekisela enanini elikhulu lezinjini zomoya ezakhiwe eduze futhi zisebenza njengesizinda samandla, ezithumela ugesi kugridi.

Iphrojekthi ye-Frontier Wind power I e-Kay County, Okla., ibisebenza kusukela ngo-2016 futhi inwetshwa ngephrojekthi ye-Frontier Wind power II.Uma sekuqediwe, i-Frontier I ne-II zizokhiqiza isamba samamegawathi angu-550 wamandla omoya - anele ukunika amandla ezindlini eziyi-193,000.

Zisebenza Kanjani Izinjini Zomoya?

Amandla akhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa izinjini zomoya ezijikelezayo ezisebenzisa amandla e-kinetic omoya onyakazayo, oguqulwa abe ugesi.Umqondo oyisisekelo ukuthi izinjini zomoya zisebenzisa izindwani ukuqoqa amandla omoya namandla ekinetic.Umoya uphendulela ama-blades, ajikeleza i-rotor exhunywe kujeneretha ukuze kwakhe amandla kagesi.

Ama-turbine amaningi omoya anezingxenye ezine eziyisisekelo:

• Ama-blades anamathiselwe kuhabhu, ejikelezayo njengoba izindwani ziphenduka.Ama-blades kanye nehabhu ndawonye kwenza i-rotor.
• I-nacelle igcina u-gearbox, ijeneretha nezinto zikagesi.\
• Umbhoshongo uphethe ama-rotor blades kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza phezulu ngaphezu komhlaba.
• Isisekelo sibambe i-turbine endaweni yayo phansi.

Izinhlobo zama-Wind turbines:

Amaturbine amakhulu namancane awela ezigabeni ezimbili eziyisisekelo, ezisuselwe kuma-rotor: i-axis evundlile kanye nama-axis-axis mpo.

Amaturbine e-Horizontal-axis awuhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu lwe-wind turbine namuhla.Lolu hlobo lwe-turbine lufika engqondweni uma ufanekisa amandla omoya, anama-blade afana kakhulu nophephela wendiza.Iningi lalawa ma-turbine anama-blade amathathu, futhi uma i-turbine ibe yinde futhi uma i-blade iyinde, ngokuvamile kukhiqizwa ugesi omningi.

Amaturbine e-axis eqondile abukeka kakhulu njenge-eggbeater kune-propeller yendiza.Ama-blades alawa ma-turbine anamathiselwe phezulu nangaphansi kwe-rotor eqondile.Ngenxa yokuthi amaturbine e-axis eqondile awasebenzi kahle njengozakwabo ovundlile, lezi azivamile kakhulu namuhla.

I-Turbine Ekhiqiza Ugesi Ongakanani?

Kuya ngesimo.Ubukhulu be-turbine kanye nesivinini somoya ngokusebenzisa ama-rotor blades kunquma ukuthi ungakanani ugesi okhiqizwayo.

Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, izinjini zomoya ziye zaba zinde, okuvumela ama-blade amade kanye nekhono lokusebenzisa izinsiza zomoya ezingcono ezitholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme.

Ukubeka izinto ngombono ofanele: Injini yomoya enamandla cishe eyi-megawatt eyodwa ingakhiqiza amandla ahlanzekile anele ezindlini ezingaba ngu-300 unyaka ngamunye.Izinjini zomoya ezisetshenziswa emapulazini omoya asekelwe emhlabathini ngokuvamile zikhiqiza kusuka ku-1 kuya cishe kumamegawathi angu-5.Isivinini somoya ngokuvamile sidinga ukuthi sibe amamayela angu-9 ngehora noma ngaphezulu ukuze izinjini zomoya eziningi ezinosayizi wosizo ziqale ukukhiqiza ugesi.

Uhlobo ngalunye lwenjini yomoya lukwazi ukukhiqiza ugesi wawo omkhulu phakathi kwesivinini somoya, ngokuvamile phakathi kwamamayela angu-30 nama-55 ngehora.Kodwa-ke, uma umoya uvunguza kancane, ukukhiqizwa ngokuvamile kwehla ngezinga lokuchayeka kunokuma ngokuphelele.Isibonelo, inani lamandla akhiqizwayo lehla ngengxenye eyisishiyagalombili uma isivinini somoya sincipha ngesigamu.

Ingabe Kufanele Ucabangele Izixazululo Zamandla Omoya?

Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya kuhlala kuphakathi kwezinyathelo zekhabhoni ezincane kunazo zonke kunoma yimuphi umthombo wamandla.Idlala indima ebalulekile esikhathini esizayo sokuphakelwa kwamandla esizweni sethu, ukusekela uguquko lwamandla omhlaba kanye nesidingo esikhulayo semithombo yamandla esimeme.

Umoya futhi ungenye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zezinkampani, amanyuvesi, amadolobha, izinsiza kanye nezinye izinhlangano ukuthi zishintshele kumandla angakhiphi esikalini ngokushesha.Isivumelwano sokuthenga amandla esibonakalayo esisodwa (i-VPPA) singavikela amashumi kuya kumakhulu amamegawathi anguziro kagesi iminyaka eyi-10 kuye kwengama-25.Izivumelwano eziningi ziphinde zibeke uphawu ebhokisini lokwengeza, okusho ukuthi ukuthola amandla amasha ahlanzekile okukhipha imithombo yamandla engaba emidala, ekhipha kakhulu.

Iyiphi Indawo Engcono Kakhulu Yephrojekthi Yamandla Omoya?

Kunokucatshangelwa okuyisisekelo okuyisithupha kwamaphrojekthi wamandla omoya:

• Ukutholakala komoya kanye nezindawo ezifiselekayo
• Umthelela wendawo
• Imibono yomphakathi kanye nesidingo sendawo sokukhiqiza amandla avuselelekayo
• Izinqubomgomo ezithandwayo emazingeni kahulumeni kanye nesifundazwe
• Ukutholakala komhlaba
• Ikhono lokuxhuma kugridi yamandla

Njengamaphrojekthi we-solar PV wezohwebo, izimvume nazo kufanele zivikelwe ngaphambi kokuthi kuqalwe ukufakwa kwamandla omoya.Lesi sinyathelo esibalulekile sizosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ngabe iphrojekthi iyasebenza yini ngokwezimali futhi inephrofayili yobungozi evumayo.Phela, inhloso wukuba namaphrojekthi omoya wezinga lezentengiselwano alethe ama-electron kugridi amashumi eminyaka ezayo.Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umakhi KANYE NEphrojekthi iphilile ngokwezimali kuzoqinisekisa impumelelo esizukulwaneni noma ngaphezulu.