Kubhekiselwa ohlelweni lokukhiqiza lokuguqula amandla aphehlwa ngamanzi, uphethiloli wezinsalela (amalahle, uwoyela, igesi yemvelo) amandla ashisayo, amandla enuzi, amandla elanga, amandla omoya, amandla avela kumhlaba, amandla olwandle, njll. kube amandla kagesi ngokusebenzisa izisetshenziswa zamandla okukhiqiza amandla, ebizwa ngokuthi ukukhiqiza amandla.Isetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngezidingo zemikhakha eyahlukene yomnotho wezwe kanye nezimpilo zabantu.Imishini yokuphehla ugesi ihlukaniswa ngokwezigaba ezifaka ugesi oshisayo, izinto eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi, izisetshenziswa zamandla enuzi kanye nezinye izinto zokuphehla amandla ngokuya ngohlobo lwamandla.Isizinda samandla ashisayo siqukethe amabhoyela ezitshalo zamandla, izinjini zesitimu, amajeneretha (ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi izinjini ezintathu eziyinhloko) kanye nezisetshenziswa zawo ezisizayo.Isizinda samandla kagesi ngamanzi siqukethe isethi yejeneretha ye-turbine yamanzi, umbusi, idivayisi esebenza ngamanzi kanye nezinye izinto ezisizayo.Isizinda samandla enuzi siqukethe isiphehlisi senuzi, ijeneretha yesitimu, isethi yokuphehla amandla kagesi nezinye izinto ezisizayo.Amandla kagesi kulula ukuwalawula kuneminye imithombo yamandla ekukhiqizeni, ekudluliseni nasekusetshenzisweni.Ngakho-ke, ingumthombo wamandla wesibili ofanele.Ukukhiqizwa kukagesi kusenkabeni yemboni yamandla, okunquma izinga lemboni yamandla futhi kuthinta ukuthuthukiswa kokudluliswa, ukuguqulwa, nokusatshalaliswa ohlelweni lwamandla.Ekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1980, izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kukagesi kwakuwukukhiqiza amandla ashisayo, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi ngamanzi kanye nokuphehlwa kwamandla enuzi, futhi lezi zizukulwane ezintathu zaba ngaphezu kwama-99% engqikithi yokuphehlwa kukagesi.Ngenxa yomthelela wamalahle, uwoyela, igesi yemvelo kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo, ingxenye yokuphehlwa kwamandla ashisayo emhlabeni yehla isuka cishe ku-70% yaya cishe kuma-64% ngeminyaka yawo-1980;Ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi usucishe wathuthukiswa ngenxa yemithombo yamanzi ethuthukisiwe ezimbonini.90%, ngakho ingxenye igcinwa cishe 20%;isilinganiso sokuphehlwa kwamandla enuzi siyakhula, futhi ekupheleni kuka-1980, sase sidlule ku-15%.Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezinto zokubasa, amandla enuzi azonakwa kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-02-2021